Hieromartyr 20th century

Hieromartyr Boris of Nevrokop

1888–1948

Also known as Борис Неврокопски · Boris Razumov

Metropolitan of Nevrokop who was assassinated in 1948. He was glorified as a hieromartyr by the Bulgarian Orthodox Church.

Feast Day
November 8
Draft
Draft — pending review. Not yet verified for publication.
Commemorated as

The Holy Hieromartyr Boris, Metropolitan of Nevrokop

Life

Boris (Razumov) was Metropolitan of Nevrokop in southwestern Bulgaria and a leading figure of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church in the first half of the twentieth century. Born in 1888, he was a learned hierarch and seminary rector before his appointment to the Nevrokop see in 1935, and during his episcopate the diocese saw extensive church-building and the founding of Orthodox brotherhoods.

He is remembered chiefly for his resistance to the communist regime that took power in Bulgaria in 1944, which he opposed in its interference with church life. He was assassinated in 1948 by a defrocked priest, and the Bulgarian Orthodox Church later honored him as a hieromartyr. His feast is kept on November 8.

Timeline 6 moments Read Hide
  1. 1888 Birth Born with the secular name Vangel Razumov in the village of Gyavato in the Bitola region, then part of the Ottoman Empire. His father died during the 1903 Ilinden–Preobrazhenie uprising.
  2. 1910 Monastic tonsure After studies at the Bulgarian Ecclesiastical Seminary in Constantinople, he was tonsured a monk at the age of twenty-two and given the name Boris, then ordained hierodeacon.
  3. 1911–1915 Higher theological study He pursued higher theological education at the University of Chernivtsi and received a doctorate in theology in 1915. He was ordained hieromonk in 1917 and elevated archimandrite in 1922.
  4. 1930 Episcopal consecration He was consecrated Bishop of Stobi and subsequently served as Secretary General of the Holy Synod of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church.
  5. 1935 Metropolitan of Nevrokop He was appointed Metropolitan of the Nevrokop diocese, which he governed for some thirteen years. During this period 33 new churches were built and Orthodox brotherhoods were established.
  6. 1948 Assassination On November 8, 1948 — his sixtieth birthday and the feast of the Great Martyr Demetrius — he was shot and killed in the village of Kolarovo, in the Petrich district, by Iliya Stamenov, a defrocked priest whom he had refused to reinstate.

Contributions & Legacy

3 contributions Read Hide

Education and early ministry

Born Vangel Razumov in the Bitola region under Ottoman rule, the future metropolitan was educated at Bulgarian schools and the Ecclesiastical Seminary in Constantinople, the latter on a full scholarship. He was tonsured a monk in 1910, taking the name Boris, and ordained hierodeacon.

He continued his studies abroad at the University of Chernivtsi, earning a doctorate in theology in 1915, and was reported to have mastered ten languages. Ordained hieromonk in 1917 and made archimandrite in 1922, he served for several years as rector of the St. John of Rila Theological Seminary in Sofia before his episcopal consecration as Bishop of Stobi in 1930 and his tenure as Secretary General of the Holy Synod.

Metropolitan of Nevrokop

Appointed to the Nevrokop see in 1935, Boris governed the diocese for roughly thirteen years. He oversaw the construction of 33 new churches and the founding of Orthodox brotherhoods, and was known for his discipline of the clergy: he forbade priests to accept payment for liturgical services and laicized those guilty of serious misconduct, while showing pastoral compassion toward struggling clerics.

Resistance and martyrdom

After the communist takeover of Bulgaria in 1944, Metropolitan Boris consistently opposed the regime's interference in the Church. He forbade his clergy to join communist organizations, and in 1945 he organized financial support for the families of priests sentenced by the communist 'People's Court.' State security regarded him as a hostile figure and placed his movements under close surveillance.

On November 8, 1948, after celebrating the Divine Liturgy and preaching on Christian martyrdom in the village of Kolarovo, he was shot and killed by Iliya Stamenov, a defrocked priest with a criminal past whom he had refused to restore to the priesthood. The lenient sentence given to the killer and the subsequent destruction of his security file led many to view the assassination as orchestrated by the communist authorities.

The Bulgarian Orthodox Church later honored Boris as a hieromartyr, and he is widely venerated, with his commemoration kept on November 8, the day of his death.

Notes

Born 1888; reposed 1948. Glorified by the Bulgarian Orthodox Church in 2013.

Sources: OrthodoxWiki; Bulgarian Orthodox Church canonization (2013)